The Nature of Difference: Sciences of Race in the United States from Jefferson to Genomics

Posted in Anthologies, Books, Health/Medicine/Genetics, History, Media Archive, United States on 2011-10-05 21:29Z by Steven

The Nature of Difference: Sciences of Race in the United States from Jefferson to Genomics

MIT Press
January 2009
368 pages
7 x 9, 35 illus.
Paper ISBN-10: 0-262-58275-9; ISBN-13: 978-0-262-58275-9

Evelynn M. Hammonds, Barbara Gutmann Rosenkrantz Professor of the History of Science and of African and African American Studies (and Dean of Harvard College)
Harvard University

Rebecca M. Herzig, Professor of Women and Gender Studies
Bates College, Lewiston, Maine

The Nature of Difference documents how distinctions between people have been generated in and by the life sciences. Through a wide-ranging selection of primary documents and insightful commentaries by the editors, it charts the shifting boundaries of science and race through more than two centuries of American history. The documents, primarily writings by authoritative, eminent scientists intended for their professional peers, show how various sciences of race have changed their object of study over time: from racial groups to types to populations to genomes and beyond. The book’s thematic and synthetic approach reveals the profoundly diverse array of practices—countless acts of observation, quantification, and experimentation—that enabled the consequential categorizations we inherit.
 
The documents—most reproduced in their entirety—range from definitions of race in dictionaries published between 1886 and 2005 to an exchange of letters between Benjamin Baneker and Thomas Jefferson; from Samuel Cartwright’s 1851 “Report on the Diseases and Physical Peculiarities of the Negro Race” to a 1950 UNESCO declaration that race is a social myth; from a 1928 paper detailing the importance of the glands in shaping human nature to a 2005 report of the discovery of a genetic basis for skin color. Such documents, given context by the editors’ introductions to each thematic chapter, provide scholars, journalists, and general readers with the rich historical background necessary for understanding contemporary developments in racial science.

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • 1. DICTIONARY DEFINITIONS OF “RACE”
  • 2. ANATOMICAL OBSERVATIONS
  • 3. IMMUNITY AND CONTAGION
  • 4. EVOLUTION AND DEGENERATION
  • 5. TECHNIQUES OF MEASUREMENT
  • 6. GLANDULAR DIFFERENCES
  • 7. HYBRIDITY AND ADMIXTURE
  • 8. TOWARD GENETICS
  • 9. THE END OF RACE?
  • Index
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